Gene flow analysis reveals that the genomes of most sub-Saharan populations are the result of recent historical admixture events.

Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 mutations that cause artemisinin resistant malaria in Southeast Asia show markedly different patterns of evolutionary selection in Africa.

SARS-CoV-2 can spread efficiently within care homes causing outbreaks among residents, who are at increased risk of severe disease, emphasising the importance of stringent infection control in this population.

An in-depth exploratory analysis of the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico during the first year of the epidemic provides an overview of different virus dynamics between the developing and developed world (represented by the USA and Mexico).

Incorporating within-host diversity in transmission, as identified by deep sequencing, can significantly change previously-held inferences, with major implications for genomic studies of transmission in tuberculosis and other pathogens as well.

Canadian COVID-19 travel restrictions imposed in March 2020 greatly reduced SARS-CoV-2 importations, but were insufficient to prevent new sublineages of similar transmissibility from being introduced and replacing early sublineages.

Low-burden does not mean low local transmission, and tailor-made strategies are needed to control TB based on the knowledge of the local transmission dynamics.

Genomic analysis of initial SARS-CoV-2 waves in Kenya revealed Mombasa City as a key gateway for variants entering Coastal Kenya with onward inter-county transmission highlighting significance of surveillance in major cities for early warning of lineages entering local populations.

The sickle cell trait strongly protects against not only retinopathy-positive cerebral malaria but also retinopathy-negative cerebral malaria, providing evidence that malarial parasites also contribute to retinopathy-negative cerebral malaria and are not innocent bystanders.

Mobile genetic elements were identified and tracked as they exchanged between multidrug-resistant bacteria causing infections at a single hospital.