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    1. Cell Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Working strokes produced by curling protofilaments at disassembling microtubule tips can be biochemically tuned and vary with species

    Lucas E Murray, Haein Kim ... Charles L Asbury
    Laser trap measurements show that mechanical work output from curling protofilaments is enhanced by adding magnesium, and that yeast microtubules generate larger and more energetic working strokes than bovine microtubules.
    1. Neuroscience

    Clonally related, Notch-differentiated spinal neurons integrate into distinct circuits

    Saul Bello-Rojas, Martha W Bagnall
    Pairs of spinal cord neurons arising from a shared progenitor get input from and make outputs to mostly different synaptic partners.
    1. Neuroscience

    Ultrastructural effects of sleep and wake on the parallel fiber synapses of the cerebellum

    Sophia S Loschky, Giovanna Maria Spano ... Chiara Cirelli
    In the mouse cerebellum, the number of branched synapses is reduced in half after sleep compared to after wake.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Osteoporosis: Finding the genes for fragile bones

    Erika Kague
    Combining transcriptomic data with the analysis of large genome-wide association studies helps identify genes that are likely important for regulating bone mineral density.
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    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Model Organisms: The holy grail of longevity research

    Ajay S Mathuru
    A new technology to study physiology and cognition elevates African turquoise killifish as a model organism for studies of aging in vertebrates.
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    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Comparative genomics reveals insight into the evolutionary origin of massively scrambled genomes

    Yi Feng, Rafik Neme ... Laura F Landweber
    The comparison of three ciliate species that share complex pathways for natural genome editing allows capture of intermediate states in the acquisition of scrambled genes and elucidating a pathway for the origin and evolution of extremely rearranged chromosomes.
    1. Neuroscience

    Mature parvalbumin interneuron function in prefrontal cortex requires activity during a postnatal sensitive period

    Sarah E Canetta, Emma S Holt ... Christoph Kellendonk
    Prefrontal PV interneuron activity during development is necessary for prefrontal circuit maturation, supporting adult prefrontal network function and cognitive flexibility.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    The NAD+ precursor NMN activates dSarm to trigger axon degeneration in Drosophila

    Arnau Llobet Rosell, Maria Paglione ... Lukas Jakob Neukomm
    Levels of the metabolite NMN, the precursor of NAD+, determine whether dSarm-mediated axon death signaling is activated and injury-induced axon degeneration executed in the fruit fly Drosophila.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Emergent color categorization in a neural network trained for object recognition

    Jelmer P de Vries, Arash Akbarinia ... Karl R Gegenfurtner
    Human-like color categories emerge in a Deep Neural Network trained only on object recognition.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    A selective LIS1 requirement for mitotic spindle assembly discriminates distinct T-cell division mechanisms within the T-cell lineage

    Jérémy Argenty, Nelly Rouquié ... Renaud Lesourne
    Mouse deficiencies for the dynein-binding protein LIS1 reveal different cell division mechanisms across T-cell subsets.